Data security is the combination of policies, procedures and tools that protect data from unauthorised access or manipulation. Data security is also crucial for safeguarding valuable information, and ensuring it’s disposed of in a way that doesn’t require it. It helps companies comply with the legal and compliance requirements such as GDPR, CCPA and HIPAA, and also helps prevent costly lawsuits and reputational damage from accidental or malicious actions, like employee mistakes and ransomware.
Authentication is the process of identifying a person prior to the time they can access or alter any information. This typically involves using passwords or PIN numbers, biometrics, swipe cards and other methods to validate identities before giving them access. It is also essential to keep records of all user actions and implement controls to limit who has access to information and/or can share it, and to monitor and spot any unusual or suspicious behavior that could signal the possibility of a breach.
Classification of data helps organizations to organize and prioritize information according to the sensitivity level. It is crucial to determine the types of data that you collect and only make use of what’s essential to your business’s needs and goals. It is also important to have a plan for recovering information if there is a system malfunction, a natural disaster or data breach. This usually involves storing full backups, including differential and increments of vital data in places physically separate from your original storage device and network.
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